PSY1101 Introduction to Psychology: Foundations University of Ottawa

University of Ottawa

PSY1101 Introduction to Psychology: Foundations University of Ottawa

Chapter 11
1. Motivation is defined by psychologists as
A. an impulse to accomplish something of significance.
B. rigidly patterned behavior characteristic of all people.
C. a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal.
D. the cause of behavior.
2. Psychologists have used four perspectives in their efforts to explain motivation. These include an emphasis on
instincts, optimum arousal, a hierarchy of motives, and
A. drive reduction.
B. 360-degree feedback.
C. refractory periods.
D. basal metabolic rate.
3. Which theory has been accused of simply naming rather than explaining behaviors?
A. drive-reduction
B. set point
C. arousal
D. instinct
4. A complex, unlearned, and fixed pattern of behavior common to all members of a species is called a(n)
A. set point.
B. drive.
C. instinct
D. incentive.
5. An instinctive behavior is one that is
A. designed to reduce drives.
B. triggered by a sexual incentive.
C. similar in all living organisms.
D. unlearned.
6. It is characteristic of bears to hibernate. This behavior is an example of
B. job.
C. contract.
D. career.
141. Work is most likely to satisfy the higher-level needs in Maslow’s hierarchy for those who
A. work only part-time.
B. view their work as a calling.
C. are strongly motivated by high wages.
D. are supervised by managers with a directive style.
142. After studying artists who would spend hour after hour painting or sculpting with enormous concentration,
Csikszentmihalyi formulated the concept of
A. transformational leadership.
B. strengths-based selection.
C. 360-degree feedback.
D. flow.
143. Flow is characterized by a ________ awareness of self and a ________ awareness of the passing of time.
A. heightened; diminished
B. diminished; heightened
C. heightened; heightened
D. diminished; diminished
144. Which profession is most directly involved in the application of psychology’s principles to the workplace?
A. social psychology
B. personality psychology
C. developmental psychology
D. industrial-organizational psychology
145. Human factors psychologists are most likely to be involved in
A. designing training programs to prepare unemployed persons for existing jobs.
B. exploring how machines can be optimally designed to fit human abilities.
C. assessing the impact of supervisors’ management styles on business productivity.
D. matching people’s strengths with specific job assignments.
167. The on-time completion of major work projects is most clearly facilitated by
A. reducing flow.
B. scripting structured interviews.
C. receiving 360-degree feedback.
D. stating implementation intentions.
168. Leaders who set target dates for the completion of specific measurable goals best illustrate
A. transformational leadership.
B. managing by objectives.
C. 360-degree feedback.
D. the experience of flow.
169. Managers with a task-leadership style would be most likely to
A. mediate a conflict between two argumentative employees.
B. give employees a high degree of freedom to develop their own work procedures.
C. remind employees of the exact deadlines for the completion of work projects.
D. avoid closely monitoring the productivity of individual employees.
170. The great person theory of leadership suggested that all great leaders
A. demonstrate a directive style.
B. prefer task leadership.
C. use action plans.
D. share certain traits.
171. A blend of goal-based vision, clear communication, and optimism that inspires others to follow is most
characteristic of leaders who demonstrate
A. charisma.
B. unit bias.
C. 360-degree feedback.
D. command and control management.
172. Motivating workers to identify with and commit themselves to a group mission best illustrates
A. a strengths-based selection system.
B. 360-degree feedback.

Preview